Author Archives: I Arden

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Reginald Francis Clements, poet

A theological student at Birkbeck when the First World War was declared, Clements enlisted early in the University and Public Schools Brigade, which later merged into the Royal Fusiliers. Injured while on guard duty at Arras by a stray wire, he wrote poetry during his recuperation. He later published his poems in Salisbury Plain and Other Poems. His style was along more heroic and romantic lines than the more cynical war poets that are lauded today, such as Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon – though at the time it was more fashionable to revere great sacrifice on behalf of the “Motherland.” Having been recognised with the Military Cross for gallantry in 1918, Clements died five months later during the Battle of Amiens. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of Great Britain and Ireland 1929-35

Ramsay MacDonald was one of three founders of the British Labour party. Before going into politics, he studied for a scientific career at Birkbeck, but ill health interrupted his examinations and changed the course of his life. He remained a lifelong advocate of Birkbeck’s mission to educate working people.  

In 1894 he became a member of the Independent Labour Party and, later, Secretary of the Labour Representation Committee. When the Labour party formed, he was elected Labour MP for Leicester and became party leader. He took on the prime ministerial position after a vote of no confidence in the Conservative government in 1924 led King George V to call on MacDonald to form a minority government. This was short-lived but he again became prime minister five years later.  

He presided over some of the most turbulent years in British history, including the Great Depression and the rise of German Nazism. He was criticised for abandoning the Labour government to lead a National Government formed mostly of Conservatives in 1931 and for his pacifism in the face of the Hitler regime, but more recently scholars have praised his astute decision-making and socialist policies. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Philip Powell, Former dean of Business, Economics and Infomatics

Professor Philip Dewe was Professor of Organisational Behaviour in the Department of Organizational Psychology at Birkbeck. Having joined the College from Massey University in his native New Zealand in 2000, for 11 years Professor Dewe also gave outstanding service to Birkbeck as Vice-Master, stepping down from the role in summer 2014. 

Philip was a much-loved member of the Birkbeck community for many years.  He drove the Stratford project while also acting for many years as head of department for Organizational Psychology.  Despite his busy role, Philip made time for everyone, and greatly inspired those who knew or worked with him. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Philip Dewe, Vice-Master

Professor Philip Dewe was Professor of Organisational Behaviour in the Department of Organizational Psychology at Birkbeck. Having joined the College from Massey University in his native New Zealand in 2000, for 11 years Professor Dewe also gave outstanding service to Birkbeck as Vice-Master, stepping down from the role in summer 2014. 

Philip was a much-loved member of the Birkbeck community for many years.  He drove the Stratford project while also acting for many years as head of department for Organizational Psychology.  Despite his busy role, Philip made time for everyone, and greatly inspired those who knew or worked with him. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Peter Goodrich, Co-founder of Birkbeck law school

Peter Goodrich was one of the founding members of the law school. His work in setting up the school and establishing its reputation is only one of the claims that could be made of his contribution to the Birkbeck effect. Peter is one of the most important figures in contemporary legal theory – with an international reputation. He is presently professor of law at Benjamin Cardozo law school in New York, and he remains a friend and supporter of Birkbeck. His intellectual legacy extends into critical legal theory, law and literature, legal history, law and aesthetics and law and visual culture. A pioneer in his field, an intellectual champion of sophisticated and joyous critical thinking, Peter’s name should be in any list of those who exemplify the spirit of Birkbeck. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Paul Hirst, Politics Lecturer

In the 1970s, when Hirst joined the fledgling Department of Politics and Sociology, he was an “uncompromising Althusserian” known for his “unbending theoretical rigour”. He co-founded the Althusserian journal Theoretical Practice, which attacked empiricism and positivism, while defending the scientific study of Marxism. It took an anti-historical, anti-humanist, and structuralist approach that generated a furious backlash, accused of creating a “self-generating conceptual universe” that “imposes its own identity upon the phenomenon of material and social existence, rather than engaging in a continual dialogue with them”. By the early 1990s, however, Hirst had recanted dogmatism, choosing a more heterodox position. He was later to denounce the “ideologisation of political studies” in the 1970s, which led to “so much energy” being “consumed in infighting between Marxist sects”. He argued against the “if you are not for us, you are against us” mentality, maintaining that it was “lethal to the scepticism and objectivity needed both for scientific work and credible political action”. In this he was able to attack dogmatic “left” and “right” ideologies. Who could dispute, he suggested, that “cosmopolitan idealism, neo imperialism and revived revolutionary leftism” were all failed forms of twentieth century politics? Twenty-first century crises needed real solutions, grounded in a deep scrutiny of politics, publics, and economic patterns. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Paul Dienes, Professor of mathematics

Hungarian-born mathematician Dienes has already been mentioned in the previous chapter. He had been forced to flee Hungary after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. As a supporter of Béla Kun, leader of the Republic, Dienes had been responsible for reorganising Hungarian universities with the aim of welcoming working-class students. This was not looked upon favourably during the “white terror”, when communist supporters were hunted down; large numbers, executed. Diene fled, bribing a captain of a river boat on the Danube to smuggle him out of the country, hiding in a wine barrel. He was unceremoniously decanted in Vienna, with nothing but the clothes on his back. After time in Vienna, Paris, Aberystwyth, and Swansea, Dienes joined Birkbeck’s Mathematics Department in 1929 and stayed until he retired in 1948, immersing himself in function theory, relativity, tensors, infinite matrices, axiomatics, and mathematical logic.  

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Physicist and Nobel laureate

Patrick Blackett was an accomplished British scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1948. He joined Birkbeck to head the physics department and to run his own laboratory.  

Although he was only at Birkbeck between 1933 and 1937 (when he left for a Chair at the University of Manchester), these were important years for him as a scientist and a leftist commentator. For Birkbeck, Blackett’s appointment would have been a major coup, especially since he brought with him a sizable grant from The Royal Society part of which was used to design an electromagnet. The largest magnet in the UK, “Josephine” weighed 11,000 kilos and was originally used to “study the energy spectrum of the cosmic rays”. It was so unwieldy that a wooden hut had to be constructed on the land set aside for building Malet Street.  

Along with J. D. Bernal, Aldous Huxley, and Leonard Woolf, Blackett organised the “For Intellectual Liberty” group, a popular front movement aiming to publicize the difficulties experienced by German Jews. He also established with Bernal the Academic Assistance Council, which continues today under its new name of Council for At-Risk Academics (CARA), aiming to assist academics fleeing tyrannical regimes. 

200th Anniversary Birkbeck Effects: Nazanin Derakhshan, professor of experimental psychopathology and founder of Centre for Building Resilience in Cancer

Birkbeck has been at the forefront of work to improve the quality of life for women with breast cancer through evidence-based research into the best ways to reduce anxiety and depression. 

Professor Nazanin Derakhshan led this work through Birkbeck’s Building Resilience in Breast Cancer (BRiC) Research Centre until recently, a centre she founded in 2015 after her own diagnosis of breast cancer. The Centre has helped many women who have been in direct contact with it to address some of the emotional challenges of breast cancer, and it has also reached thousands more indirectly through an ever-growing community of breast cancer survivors who have benefited from the Centre’s immensely influential research and continue to build their own mutually-supportive networks.